DBX1 is implicated in patterning the central nervous system during embryogenesis. DBX1 homeodomain transcription factor is expressed in progenitors which are critical in establishing cell fate allocation and cell diversity. DBX1 has a key role in regulating the distinct phenotypic features that distinguish two major classes of ventral interneurons, V0 and V1 neurons. DBX1-derived neurons are essential for the transgenic expression and generation of respiratory behavior both in vitro and in vivo.Synonyms: DBX-1, Developing brain homeobox protein 1, Homeobox protein DBX1