The inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that mediates the activation of caspase-1, which promotes, amongst others, the secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-18. Members of the Nod-like receptor (NLR) family are critical components of the inflammasome that link danger-signals to caspase-1 activation. NLRP6/NALP6 is important for intestinal homeostasis by sensing pathogenic commensal bacteria and activating bactericidal activity of macrophages through secretion of IL-18. NLRP6 suppresses inflammation and carcinogenesis by regulating tissue repair and deletion of NLRP6 gene accelerated colitis-associated tumor growth in mice.